Treatment of Hypertension
Treatment of hypertension or high blood pressure is to reduce blood pressure and protect important organs, like the brain, heart, and kidneys from damage cause by complication. Hypertension increases the risk of heart failure, heart attack (myocardial infarction), and stroke.
According to the research, Treatment for hypertension has been associated with reductions in stroke (35%-40%), heart attack (20%-25%), and heart failure (more than 50%). Treating hypertension also helps to prevent atrial fibrillation.
There are many different medicines that can be used to treat hypertension or high blood pressure such as :
- Alpha blockers (doxazosin, prazosin, and terazosin).
Alpha blockers medicine will make relax or reduce the tone of involuntary (ie, smooth) muscle in the walls of blood vessels, It allowing the vessels to widen (vasodilation), thereby lowering blood pressure. The alpha blockers are increase the risk of developing heart failure, because of this reasons the doctors are not frequently prescribe them for the patients as a first-line treatment of essential hypertension. - Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (benazepril, captopril, enalapril, fosinopril, lisinopril, moexipril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, and trandolapril).
The ACE inhibitors allow blood vessels to widen, which lowers blood pressure and improves heart output. Side effects of these medicine are persistent dry hacking when they stop to take them, It is very rare to make others problem like dry mouth, nausea, lightheadedness, dizziness with standing, rash, muscle pain, or occasionally, kidney dysfunction - Angiotensin receptor blockers or ARBs (candesartan, irbesartan, losartan, telmisartan, and valsartan).
Some patient may experience dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, dry mouth, abdominal pain, or other side effects when they are taking these madicine - Beta-blockers (verapamil and diltiazem).
These drugs are mostly prescribed for hypertensive patients with a resting tachycardia (racing heart beat when resting) or an acute (rapid onset, current) heart attack - Calcium channel blockers.
There are two major categories of calcium channel blockers: Dihydropyridines, including amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, and nisoldipine. Nondihydropyridines, including diltiazem and verapamil - Central alpha agonists (Clonidine, Guanfacine and Methyldopa).
These drugs are used only when other medications are unable to control blood pressure adequately, Because of a high frequency of side effects. Side effects include drowsiness, sleep disturbances, depression, dry mouth, constipation, fatigue, erectile dysfunction, and dizziness (especially in older people). - Diuretics (chlorthalidone, hydrochlorothiazide, and indapamide).
Diuretics lower blood pressure mainly by causing the kidneys to excrete more water and sodium throughout the urine. There is side-effects when using these medicine like Fatigue, dizziness, weakness and symptoms reversible impotence and gout attacks. - Renin inhibitors, including aliskiren (Tekturna).
Tekturna is available for oral administration as film-coated tablets containing 150 mg, and 300 mg of aliskiren base and the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hypromellose, iron oxide colorants, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, povidone, talc, and titanium dioxide. - Direct vasodilators (hydralazine and minoxidil).
Both of drugs are used only for severe or resistant high blood pressure. Side effects includig headache, weakness, nausea, constipation, swelling in the lower legs, and rapid heartbeat.
Often, a single blood pressure drug may not be enough to control high blood pressure. The hypertension patients are may need to take two or more drugs. The medical doctors are prescribe all of medicine above depend on patients condition. They will see and monitoring how the hypertension or high blood pressure appear and attack the patients, may because of some other reason is also possible to treat with that medication.
Treatment of hypertension are including suggestion to the patient to do the exercise such as brisk walking at least 30 minutes a day, several days a week, Losing weight if patient have overweight or obese, follow a Healthy Eating Pattern like DASH diet (eating more fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy products, less saturated and total fat), etc.
Labels: Treatment of Hypertension
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